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INTRODUCTION. The descendants of Nathaniel Oak (i) through his sons so far as it has been possible to register them in eight years of diligent research, number about 10,000. If the descendants of his three daughters were added and all the missing lines and members were found the total would very likely be 20,000. The record of the first four generations as here printed contains 237 names. That is, the immigrant had 8 children, through his sons 35 grand- children, and 193 great grandchildren. The branches will be printed in like manner if the members will take copies enough to pay the cost of manufacture. Mem- bers whose means permit, and whose interest in the family goes beyond the early generations and their own branch, can purchase the other branch records. As in the case of most immigrants, we know nothing of Na- thaniel Oak's old-world pedigree, and no evidence has been found of kinship with other families of the name in America. As to the name, the immigrant wrote it "Oak," or sometimes "Oake"; so did his children, except Jonathan, (8) who late in life added an "s", and so did his grandchildren except those of Jonathan's children who settled in Maine. In one branch—Nathaniel (20)— and in parts of two others—Seth (11) and Sylvanus (39)—the original form has been retained ; but in all the others from the fourth or fifth generations "Oaks" and "Oakes" have been the forms preferred in about equal proportions. The tendency has been always to lengthen the name; no instance of its being short- ened is known. The family has been in no sense a distinguished one, its mem- bers in all generations having been for the most part farmers, mechanics and small traders in humble circumstances and un- known beyond the limits of the communities where they have lived. Most brancTies, however, have furnished several names favorably known in professional and official life ; and while not noted, the family has been generally respectable, the vicious and worthless being almost as rare as the prominent and learned and rich. A respectable percentage have been entrusted with public functions in town and church. The average of respect- ability has been high. Industry and integrity have been prevail- ing characteristics. Quiet reserve and modest pretentions have